C#设计的一个向导程序（Wizard）框架

2022-07-15 80酷酷网 80kuku.com

　　程序|设计

在现实的软件中，经常可以看到一些向导（Wizard）的存在，如何给自己的应用程序实现一个向导呢？
下面给出一个使用面向对象的思想设计出来的应用程序向导框架，虽然很简单，但希望能给人帮助。

其中有三个比较关键的类，一个是向导窗体要收集的信息封装成的类Information，一个是所有向导窗体都要继承的窗体基类frmBase，还有一个就是最关键的类，向导控制类WizardController。

有了基类frmBase，设计一个子类窗体非常简单，只需从frmBase类中派生一个新窗体，设计完用户界面之后重写其UpdateInfo()方法即可。

所有代码（VS2003版）如下，通俗易懂，不再做说明：

Information类：

using System;

namespace Wizard
{
/// <summary>
/// Information 的摘要说明。
/// </summary>
public class Information
{
public Information()
{
   //
   // TODO: 在此处添加构造函数逻辑
   //
}

//姓名
public string Name = "";
//性别
public bool IsMale = true;
//学历
public string EduBackground = "";
//编程语言
public string ProgrameLanguage = "";
}
}

frmBase类：

using System;
using System.Drawing;
using System.Collections;
using System.ComponentModel;
using System.Windows.Forms;

namespace Wizard
{
/// <summary>
/// frmBase 的摘要说明。
/// </summary>
public class frmBase : System.Windows.Forms.Form
{
private System.Windows.Forms.Panel panel1;
private System.Windows.Forms.Button btnGoPrev;
private System.Windows.Forms.Button btnGoNext;
private System.Windows.Forms.Button btnOver;
private System.Windows.Forms.Button btnCancel;
private System.Windows.Forms.Button btnHelp;
/// <summary>
/// 必需的设计器变量。
/// </summary>
private System.ComponentModel.Container components = null;

public frmBase()
{
   //
   // Windows 窗体设计器支持所必需的
   //
   InitializeComponent();

   //
   // TODO: 在 InitializeComponent 调用后添加任何构造函数代码
   //
}

/// <summary>
/// 清理所有正在使用的资源。
/// </summary>
protected override void Dispose( bool disposing )
{
   if( disposing )
   {
    if(components != null)
    {
     components.Dispose();
    }
   }
   base.Dispose( disposing );
}

#region Windows 窗体设计器生成的代码
/// <summary>
/// 设计器支持所需的方法 - 不要使用代码编辑器修改
/// 此方法的内容。
/// </summary>
private void InitializeComponent()
{
   this.panel1 = new System.Windows.Forms.Panel();
   this.btnGoPrev = new System.Windows.Forms.Button();
   this.btnGoNext = new System.Windows.Forms.Button();
   this.btnOver = new System.Windows.Forms.Button();
   this.btnCancel = new System.Windows.Forms.Button();
   this.btnHelp = new System.Windows.Forms.Button();
   this.panel1.SuspendLayout();
   this.SuspendLayout();
   //
   // panel1
   //
   this.panel1.Anchor = ((System.Windows.Forms.AnchorStyles)(((System.Windows.Forms.AnchorStyles.Bottom | System.Windows.Forms.AnchorStyles.Left)
    | System.Windows.Forms.AnchorStyles.Right)));
   this.panel1.Controls.Add(this.btnHelp);
   this.panel1.Controls.Add(this.btnCancel);
   this.panel1.Controls.Add(this.btnOver);
   this.panel1.Controls.Add(this.btnGoNext);
   this.panel1.Controls.Add(this.btnGoPrev);
   this.panel1.Location = new System.Drawing.Point(0, 202);
   this.panel1.Name = "panel1";
   this.panel1.Size = new System.Drawing.Size(450, 40);
   this.panel1.TabIndex = 0;
   //
   // btnGoPrev
   //
   this.btnGoPrev.Anchor = ((System.Windows.Forms.AnchorStyles)((System.Windows.Forms.AnchorStyles.Bottom | System.Windows.Forms.AnchorStyles.Left)));
   this.btnGoPrev.Location = new System.Drawing.Point(25, 8);
   this.btnGoPrev.Name = "btnGoPrev";
   this.btnGoPrev.Size = new System.Drawing.Size(56, 23);
   this.btnGoPrev.TabIndex = 1;
   this.btnGoPrev.Text = "上一步";
   this.btnGoPrev.Click += new System.EventHandler(this.btnGoPrev_Click);
   //
   // btnGoNext
   //
   this.btnGoNext.Anchor = ((System.Windows.Forms.AnchorStyles)((System.Windows.Forms.AnchorStyles.Bottom | System.Windows.Forms.AnchorStyles.Left)));
   this.btnGoNext.Location = new System.Drawing.Point(105, 8);
   this.btnGoNext.Name = "btnGoNext";
   this.btnGoNext.Size = new System.Drawing.Size(56, 23);
   this.btnGoNext.TabIndex = 2;
   this.btnGoNext.Text = "下一步";
   this.btnGoNext.Click += new System.EventHandler(this.btnGoNext_Click);
   //
   // btnOver
   //
   this.btnOver.Anchor = ((System.Windows.Forms.AnchorStyles)((System.Windows.Forms.AnchorStyles.Bottom | System.Windows.Forms.AnchorStyles.Left)));
   this.btnOver.Location = new System.Drawing.Point(193, 8);
   this.btnOver.Name = "btnOver";
   this.btnOver.Size = new System.Drawing.Size(56, 23);
   this.btnOver.TabIndex = 3;
   this.btnOver.Text = "完成";
   this.btnOver.Click += new System.EventHandler(this.btnOver_Click);
   //
   // btnCancel
   //
   this.btnCancel.Anchor = ((System.Windows.Forms.AnchorStyles)((System.Windows.Forms.AnchorStyles.Bottom | System.Windows.Forms.AnchorStyles.Left)));
   this.btnCancel.Location = new System.Drawing.Point(281, 8);
   this.btnCancel.Name = "btnCancel";
   this.btnCancel.Size = new System.Drawing.Size(56, 23);
   this.btnCancel.TabIndex = 4;
   this.btnCancel.Text = "取消";
   this.btnCancel.Click += new System.EventHandler(this.btnCancel_Click);
   //
   // btnHelp
   //
   this.btnHelp.Anchor = ((System.Windows.Forms.AnchorStyles)((System.Windows.Forms.AnchorStyles.Bottom | System.Windows.Forms.AnchorStyles.Left)));
   this.btnHelp.Location = new System.Drawing.Point(369, 8);
   this.btnHelp.Name = "btnHelp";
   this.btnHelp.Size = new System.Drawing.Size(56, 23);
   this.btnHelp.TabIndex = 5;
   this.btnHelp.Text = "帮助";
   //
   // frmBase
   //
   this.AutoScaleBaseSize = new System.Drawing.Size(6, 14);
   this.ClientSize = new System.Drawing.Size(450, 239);
   this.Controls.Add(this.panel1);
   this.FormBorderStyle = System.Windows.Forms.FormBorderStyle.FixedSingle;
   this.Name = "frmBase";
   this.StartPosition = System.Windows.Forms.FormStartPosition.CenterScreen;
   this.panel1.ResumeLayout(false);
   this.ResumeLayout(false);

}
#endregion

public WizardController controller = null;

public void DisableButton()
{
   if(this.controller == null)
    return;
   if(this.controller.IsFirstForm)
   {
    this.btnGoPrev.Enabled = false;
   }
   else
   {
    this.btnGoPrev.Enabled = true;
   }
   if(this.controller.IsLastForm)
   {
    this.btnGoNext.Enabled = false;
   }
   else
   {
    this.btnGoNext.Enabled = true;
   }
}
protected virtual void UpdateInfo()
{

}
protected virtual void GoNext()
{
   UpdateInfo();
   controller.GoNext();
}
protected virtual void GoPrev()
{
   UpdateInfo();
   controller.GoPrev();
}
protected virtual void Finish()
{
   UpdateInfo();
   controller.FinishWizard();
   this.Visible = false;
}
protected virtual void Cancel()
{
   this.controller.info = null;
   this.Close();
}

private void btnGoPrev_Click(object sender, System.EventArgs e)
{
GoPrev();
}

private void btnGoNext_Click(object sender, System.EventArgs e)
{
GoNext();
}

private void btnOver_Click(object sender, System.EventArgs e)
{
Finish();
}

private void btnCancel_Click(object sender, System.EventArgs e)
{
Cancel();
}
}
}

向导控制器WizardController类：

using System;
using System.Collections;

namespace Wizard
{
/// <summary>
/// WizardController 的摘要说明。
/// </summary>
public class WizardController
{
public WizardController()
{
   //
   // TODO: 在此处添加构造函数逻辑
   //
   WizardForms.Add(new frmStep1());
   WizardForms.Add(new frmStep2());
   foreach(frmBase frm in WizardForms)
   {
    frm.controller = this;
    frm.DisableButton();
   }
}
private ArrayList WizardForms = new ArrayList();
public Information info = new Information();
private int curIndex = 0;

public bool IsFirstForm
{
   get{ return curIndex == 0;}
}
public bool IsLastForm
{
   get{return curIndex == this.WizardForms.Count - 1;}
}
public void GoNext()
{
   if(curIndex+1 < WizardForms.Count)
   {
    ((frmBase)WizardForms[curIndex]).Visible = false;
    curIndex++;
   }
   else
   {
    return;
   }
   ((frmBase)WizardForms[curIndex]).Show();
   ((frmBase)WizardForms[curIndex]).DisableButton();
}
public void GoPrev()
{
   if(curIndex-1 >= 0)
   {
    ((frmBase)WizardForms[curIndex]).Visible = false;
    curIndex--;
   }
   else
   {
    return;
   }
   ((frmBase)WizardForms[curIndex]).Show();
   ((frmBase)WizardForms[curIndex]).DisableButton();
}
public void BeginWizard()
{
   ((frmBase)WizardForms[0]).Show();
   ((frmBase)WizardForms[curIndex]).DisableButton();
}
public void FinishWizard()
{
   curIndex = 0;
   Dispose();
}

private void Dispose()
{
   foreach(frmBase frm in WizardForms)
   {
    frm.Close();
   }
}
}
}

第一个子窗体：

using System;
using System.Collections;
using System.ComponentModel;
using System.Drawing;
using System.Windows.Forms;

namespace Wizard
{
public class frmStep1 : Wizard.frmBase
{
private System.Windows.Forms.TextBox txtName;
private System.Windows.Forms.RadioButton rdoMale;
private System.Windows.Forms.RadioButton radioButton1;
private System.Windows.Forms.Label label1;
private System.Windows.Forms.Label label2;
private System.ComponentModel.IContainer components = null;

public frmStep1()
{
// 该调用是 Windows 窗体设计器所必需的。
InitializeComponent();

// TODO: 在 InitializeComponent 调用后添加任何初始化
}

/// <summary>
/// 清理所有正在使用的资源。
/// </summary>
protected override void Dispose( bool disposing )
{
   if( disposing )
   {
    if (components != null)
    {
     components.Dispose();
    }
   }
   base.Dispose( disposing );
}

#region 设计器生成的代码
/// <summary>
/// 设计器支持所需的方法 - 不要使用代码编辑器修改
/// 此方法的内容。
/// </summary>
private void InitializeComponent()
{
   this.txtName = new System.Windows.Forms.TextBox();
   this.rdoMale = new System.Windows.Forms.RadioButton();
   this.radioButton1 = new System.Windows.Forms.RadioButton();
   this.label1 = new System.Windows.Forms.Label();
   this.label2 = new System.Windows.Forms.Label();
   this.SuspendLayout();
   //
   // txtName
   //
   this.txtName.Location = new System.Drawing.Point(173, 61);
   this.txtName.Name = "txtName";
   this.txtName.Size = new System.Drawing.Size(152, 21);
   this.txtName.TabIndex = 1;
   this.txtName.Text = "";
   //
   // rdoMale
   //
   this.rdoMale.Checked = true;
   this.rdoMale.Location = new System.Drawing.Point(205, 115);
   this.rdoMale.Name = "rdoMale";
   this.rdoMale.Size = new System.Drawing.Size(40, 24);
   this.rdoMale.TabIndex = 2;
   this.rdoMale.TabStop = true;
   this.rdoMale.Text = "男";
   //
   // radioButton1
   //
   this.radioButton1.Location = new System.Drawing.Point(253, 115);
   this.radioButton1.Name = "radioButton1";
   this.radioButton1.Size = new System.Drawing.Size(32, 24);
   this.radioButton1.TabIndex = 3;
   this.radioButton1.Text = "女";
   //
   // label1
   //
   this.label1.Location = new System.Drawing.Point(125, 64);
   this.label1.Name = "label1";
   this.label1.Size = new System.Drawing.Size(48, 23);
   this.label1.TabIndex = 4;
   this.label1.Text = "姓名";
   //
   // label2
   //
   this.label2.Location = new System.Drawing.Point(0, 0);
   this.label2.Name = "label2";
   this.label2.TabIndex = 5;
   //
   // frmStep1
   //
   this.AutoScaleBaseSize = new System.Drawing.Size(6, 14);
   this.ClientSize = new System.Drawing.Size(450, 239);
   this.Controls.Add(this.label1);
   this.Controls.Add(this.radioButton1);
   this.Controls.Add(this.rdoMale);
   this.Controls.Add(this.txtName);
   this.Controls.Add(this.label2);
   this.Name = "frmStep1";
   this.Controls.SetChildIndex(this.label2, 0);
   this.Controls.SetChildIndex(this.txtName, 0);
   this.Controls.SetChildIndex(this.rdoMale, 0);
   this.Controls.SetChildIndex(this.radioButton1, 0);
   this.Controls.SetChildIndex(this.label1, 0);
   this.ResumeLayout(false);

}
#endregion

protected override void UpdateInfo()
{
this.controller.info.Name = txtName.Text.Trim();
this.controller.info.IsMale = rdoMale.Checked;
}

}
}

第二个子窗体：

using System;
using System.Collections;
using System.ComponentModel;
using System.Drawing;
using System.Windows.Forms;

namespace Wizard
{
public class frmStep2 : Wizard.frmBase
{
private System.Windows.Forms.Label label1;
private System.Windows.Forms.Label label2;
private System.Windows.Forms.ComboBox cbbEduBackground;
private System.Windows.Forms.CheckBox checkBox1;
private System.Windows.Forms.CheckBox checkBox2;
private System.Windows.Forms.CheckBox checkBox3;
private System.Windows.Forms.CheckBox checkBox4;
private System.ComponentModel.IContainer components = null;

public frmStep2()
{
// 该调用是 Windows 窗体设计器所必需的。
InitializeComponent();

// TODO: 在 InitializeComponent 调用后添加任何初始化
}

/// <summary>
/// 清理所有正在使用的资源。
/// </summary>
protected override void Dispose( bool disposing )
{
   if( disposing )
   {
    if (components != null)
    {
     components.Dispose();
    }
   }
   base.Dispose( disposing );
}

#region 设计器生成的代码
/// <summary>
/// 设计器支持所需的方法 - 不要使用代码编辑器修改
/// 此方法的内容。
/// </summary>
private void InitializeComponent()
{
   this.label1 = new System.Windows.Forms.Label();
   this.label2 = new System.Windows.Forms.Label();
   this.cbbEduBackground = new System.Windows.Forms.ComboBox();
   this.checkBox1 = new System.Windows.Forms.CheckBox();
   this.checkBox2 = new System.Windows.Forms.CheckBox();
   this.checkBox3 = new System.Windows.Forms.CheckBox();
   this.checkBox4 = new System.Windows.Forms.CheckBox();
   this.SuspendLayout();
   //
   // label1
   //
   this.label1.Location = new System.Drawing.Point(98, 72);
   this.label1.Name = "label1";
   this.label1.Size = new System.Drawing.Size(40, 23);
   this.label1.TabIndex = 3;
   this.label1.Text = "学历";
   //
   // label2
   //
   this.label2.Location = new System.Drawing.Point(98, 128);
   this.label2.Name = "label2";
   this.label2.Size = new System.Drawing.Size(64, 23);
   this.label2.TabIndex = 4;
   this.label2.Text = "编程语言";
   //
   // cbbEduBackground
   //
   this.cbbEduBackground.DropDownStyle = System.Windows.Forms.ComboBoxStyle.DropDownList;
   this.cbbEduBackground.Items.AddRange(new object[] {
                  "本科",
                  "硕士",
                  "博士"});
   this.cbbEduBackground.Location = new System.Drawing.Point(170, 68);
   this.cbbEduBackground.Name = "cbbEduBackground";
   this.cbbEduBackground.Size = new System.Drawing.Size(152, 20);
   this.cbbEduBackground.TabIndex = 5;
   //
   // checkBox1
   //
   this.checkBox1.Location = new System.Drawing.Point(166, 123);
   this.checkBox1.Name = "checkBox1";
   this.checkBox1.Size = new System.Drawing.Size(48, 24);
   this.checkBox1.TabIndex = 6;
   this.checkBox1.Text = "C++";
   //
   // checkBox2
   //
   this.checkBox2.Location = new System.Drawing.Point(211, 123);
   this.checkBox2.Name = "checkBox2";
   this.checkBox2.Size = new System.Drawing.Size(48, 24);
   this.checkBox2.TabIndex = 7;
   this.checkBox2.Text = "Java";
   //
   // checkBox3
   //
   this.checkBox3.Location = new System.Drawing.Point(267, 123);
   this.checkBox3.Name = "checkBox3";
   this.checkBox3.Size = new System.Drawing.Size(40, 24);
   this.checkBox3.TabIndex = 8;
   this.checkBox3.Text = "VB";
   //
   // checkBox4
   //
   this.checkBox4.Location = new System.Drawing.Point(312, 123);
   this.checkBox4.Name = "checkBox4";
   this.checkBox4.Size = new System.Drawing.Size(40, 24);
   this.checkBox4.TabIndex = 9;
   this.checkBox4.Text = "C#";
   //
   // frmStep2
   //
   this.AutoScaleBaseSize = new System.Drawing.Size(6, 14);
   this.ClientSize = new System.Drawing.Size(450, 239);
   this.Controls.Add(this.checkBox4);
   this.Controls.Add(this.checkBox3);
   this.Controls.Add(this.checkBox2);
   this.Controls.Add(this.checkBox1);
   this.Controls.Add(this.cbbEduBackground);
   this.Controls.Add(this.label2);
   this.Controls.Add(this.label1);
   this.Name = "frmStep2";
   this.Controls.SetChildIndex(this.label1, 0);
   this.Controls.SetChildIndex(this.label2, 0);
   this.Controls.SetChildIndex(this.cbbEduBackground, 0);
   this.Controls.SetChildIndex(this.checkBox1, 0);
   this.Controls.SetChildIndex(this.checkBox2, 0);
   this.Controls.SetChildIndex(this.checkBox3, 0);
   this.Controls.SetChildIndex(this.checkBox4, 0);
   this.ResumeLayout(false);

}
#endregion

protected override void UpdateInfo()
{
   this.controller.info.EduBackground = cbbEduBackground.GetItemText(cbbEduBackground.SelectedItem);
   string lang = "";
   foreach(Control ctl in this.Controls)
   {
    if(ctl is CheckBox && ((CheckBox)ctl).Checked)
    {
     lang += ctl.Text + ";";
    }
   }
   this.controller.info.ProgrameLanguage = lang;
}

}
}

测试Demo：

using System;
using System.Drawing;
using System.Collections;
using System.ComponentModel;
using System.Windows.Forms;

namespace Wizard
{
/// <summary>
/// frmTest 的摘要说明。
/// </summary>
public class frmTest : System.Windows.Forms.Form
{
/// <summary>
/// 必需的设计器变量。
/// </summary>
private System.ComponentModel.Container components = null;
private System.Windows.Forms.Button button1;
private System.Windows.Forms.Button button2;
private System.Windows.Forms.Label label1;
private System.Windows.Forms.Label label2;
private System.Windows.Forms.Label label3;
private System.Windows.Forms.Label label4;
private WizardController wizard;

public frmTest()
{
   //
   // Windows 窗体设计器支持所必需的
   //
   InitializeComponent();

   //
   // TODO: 在 InitializeComponent 调用后添加任何构造函数代码
   //
}

#region Windows 窗体设计器生成的代码
/// <summary>
/// 设计器支持所需的方法 - 不要使用代码编辑器修改
/// 此方法的内容。
/// </summary>
private void InitializeComponent()
{
   this.button1 = new System.Windows.Forms.Button();
   this.button2 = new System.Windows.Forms.Button();
   this.label1 = new System.Windows.Forms.Label();
   this.label2 = new System.Windows.Forms.Label();
   this.label3 = new System.Windows.Forms.Label();
   this.label4 = new System.Windows.Forms.Label();
   this.SuspendLayout();
   //
   // button1
   //
   this.button1.Location = new System.Drawing.Point(48, 216);
   this.button1.Name = "button1";
   this.button1.Size = new System.Drawing.Size(104, 23);
   this.button1.TabIndex = 0;
   this.button1.Text = "显示向导";
   this.button1.Click += new System.EventHandler(this.button1_Click);
   //
   // button2
   //
   this.button2.Location = new System.Drawing.Point(192, 216);
   this.button2.Name = "button2";
   this.button2.Size = new System.Drawing.Size(104, 23);
   this.button2.TabIndex = 1;
   this.button2.Text = "显示信息";
   this.button2.Click += new System.EventHandler(this.button2_Click);
   //
   // label1
   //
   this.label1.Location = new System.Drawing.Point(72, 32);
   this.label1.Name = "label1";
   this.label1.Size = new System.Drawing.Size(232, 23);
   this.label1.TabIndex = 2;
   //
   // label2
   //
   this.label2.Location = new System.Drawing.Point(72, 80);
   this.label2.Name = "label2";
   this.label2.Size = new System.Drawing.Size(224, 23);
   this.label2.TabIndex = 3;
   //
   // label3
   //
   this.label3.Location = new System.Drawing.Point(72, 120);
   this.label3.Name = "label3";
   this.label3.Size = new System.Drawing.Size(232, 23);
   this.label3.TabIndex = 4;
   //
   // label4
   //
   this.label4.Location = new System.Drawing.Point(72, 160);
   this.label4.Name = "label4";
   this.label4.Size = new System.Drawing.Size(232, 23);
   this.label4.TabIndex = 5;
   //
   // frmTest
   //
   this.AutoScaleBaseSize = new System.Drawing.Size(6, 14);
   this.ClientSize = new System.Drawing.Size(344, 261);
   this.Controls.Add(this.label4);
   this.Controls.Add(this.label3);
   this.Controls.Add(this.label2);
   this.Controls.Add(this.label1);
   this.Controls.Add(this.button2);
   this.Controls.Add(this.button1);
   this.Name = "frmTest";
   this.Text = "向导测试";
   this.ResumeLayout(false);

}
#endregion
/// <summary>
/// 应用程序的主入口点。
/// </summary>
[STAThread]
static void Main()
{
Application.Run(new frmTest());
}

private void button1_Click(object sender, System.EventArgs e)
{
this.wizard = new WizardController();
this.wizard.BeginWizard();
}using System;
using System.Drawing;
using System.Collections;
using System.ComponentModel;
using System.Windows.Forms;

public frmTest()
{
   //
   // Windows 窗体设计器支持所必需的
   //
   InitializeComponent();

   //
   // TODO: 在 InitializeComponent 调用后添加任何构造函数代码
   //
}

}
#endregion
/// <summary>
/// 应用程序的主入口点。
/// </summary>
[STAThread]
static void Main()
{
Application.Run(new frmTest());
}

private void button1_Click(object sender, System.EventArgs e)
{
this.wizard = new WizardController();
this.wizard.BeginWizard();
}

private void button2_Click(object sender, System.EventArgs e)
{
   if(this.wizard != null && this.wizard.info != null)
   {
    this.label1.Text = this.wizard.info.Name;
    if(this.wizard.info.IsMale)
     this.label2.Text = "男";
    else
     this.label2.Text = "女";
    this.label3.Text = this.wizard.info.EduBackground;
    this.label4.Text = this.wizard.info.ProgrameLanguage;
   }
   else
   {
    MessageBox.Show("NULL");
   }
}
}
}