login: 输入用户名（例如：user01）password: 输入用户口令若用户名及口令均正确，则用户将登陆成功。此时系统会出现命令提示符$或#，即表示可接收用户输入的操作系统命令。退出系统：或 exit或logout。例:#(or$)exit#(or$)Ctrl^D注，#为ROOT用户的命令提示符，$为一般用户password命令用于建立或修改用户的密码。如：#password passwd: —输入旧口令new passwd: —输入新口令re-enter new paswd: —重新输入新口令mkdir：用于创建目录$ mkdir oracle$ lsoracle$rm：用于删除文件或目录（rm –r 删除目录时目录内有内容，用-r一起删除）$ rm -r oracle$ ls$mv：用于改变文件或目录名$ mkdir ll$ lsll$ mkdir kk$ lskk ll$ mv ll kk$ lskk$ cd kk$ lsll$cd：用于进入系统某一级目录中去$ cd /$ pwd/$ cd /home/oracle$ pwd/home/oracle$功能：显示目录中的内容，列出当前目录中所有文件的文件名参数说明：a：列出目录中所有文件d：列出所有子目录l：列出长格式文件信息举例：ls –a：列出当前目录中的所有文件$ ls -a#UNTITLED# .dt createdbscripts oracle. .dtprofile dead_letter smit.log.. .profile ll smit.script.TTauthority .sh_history make.log websm.log.Xauthority afiedt.buf mbox websm.script$ls –l：显示文件的详细信息$ ls -ltotal 295-rw-r--r-- 1 201 dba 3 Sep 01 15:24 #UNTITLED#-rw-r--r-- 1 201 dba 51 Jul 08 18:18 afiedt.bufdrwxrwxr-x 2 201 dba 512 May 08 11:49 createdbscriptsdrwx------ 2 201 dba 512 Jun 19 09:27 dead_letterdrwxr-xr-x 2 201 dba 512 Sep 22 10:17 ll-rw-r--r-- 1 201 dba 95987 Apr 18 14:51 make.log-rw------- 1 201 dba 11174 Sep 17 09:15 mboxdrwxr-xr-x 3 201 dba 512 Sep 22 10:21 oracle-rw-r--r-- 1 201 dba 8971 Sep 20 11:08 smit.log-rw-r--r-- 1 201 dba 5437 Sep 20 11:08 smit.script-rw-r--r-- 1 201 system 1682 Sep 02 15:18 websm.log-rw-r--r-- 1 201 system 21441 Sep 02 15:10 websm.script$显示当前登陆到系统中的用户的信息举例：# fingerLogin Name TTY Idle When Site Infooracle ??? *l0 2:02 Mon 09:05oracle ??? p4 1:59 Mon 09:05root ??? p0 Mon 11:06# finger oracleLogin name: oracleDirectory: /usr/oracle/ora90 Shell: /usr/bin/kshOn since Sep 22 09:05:35 on lft0, 2 hours 2 minutes Idle Time (messages off)On since Sep 22 09:05:41 on pts/4, 1 hour 59 minutes Idle Time from :0.0No Plan.#功能：显示后台进程的有关信息。单独使用ps将显示由当前终端启动的后台进程的PID、终端号、进程已执行时间以及启动该进程的命令语法：ps -options 参数说明： -e：显示系统内当前运行的所有后台进程 -f：除ps所提供的信息外，还显示用户名、PPID（父进程ID）及启动时间 -l：除ps所提供的信息外，还显示 User ID, PPID 和进程优先级例:# ps PID TTY TIME CMD 803034 pts/0 0:00 -ksh 917524 pts/0 0:00 ps# ps -ef UID PID PPID C STIME TTY TIME CMD root 1 0 0 09:03:04 - 0:00 /etc/init root 90262 1 0 09:03:42 - 0:00 /usr/ccs/bin/shlap64 root 106572 139368 0 09:03:30 - 0:01 /usr/lpp/X11/bin/X -D /usr oracle 123030 155720 0 09:05:36 - 0:00 dtwm root 139368 1 0 09:03:29 - 0:00 /usr/dt/bin/dtlogin -daemo oracle 155720 172088 0 09:05:35 - 0:00 /usr/dt/bin/dtsession root 163946 245824 0 09:04:28 - 0:00 /usr/sbin/rsct/bin/rmcd -r root 172088 139368 0 09:03:30 - 0:00 dtlogin <:0> -daemo oracle 180378 188526 0 09:06:20 pts/4 0:00 -ksh root 188526 483470 0 09:06:10 pts/4 0:00 -ksh root 196670 303186 0 09:04:34 - 0:00 rpc.ttdbserver 100083 1 root 204866 245824 0 09:04:34 - 0:00 /usr/sbin/rsct/bin/IBM.Aud oracle 221370 581780 0 09:05:41 - 0:03 /usr/dt/bin/dtterm root 229440 1 0 09:03:41 - 0:01 /usr/sbin/syncd 60 root 237626 1 0 09:03:42 - 0:00 /usr/lib/errdemon root 245824 1 0 09:03:47 - 0:00 /usr/sbin/srcmstr root 262240 245824 0 09:03:50 - 0:00 /usr/sbin/syslogd root 278642 245824 0 09:04:28 - 0:00 /usr/sbin/rsct/bin/ctcasd root 286806 245824 0 09:04:30 - 0:00 /usr/sbin/rsct/bin/IBM.CSM oracle 295050 1 0 09:07:03 - 0:00 ora_dbw0_ORCL root 303186 245824 0 09:03:59 - 0:00 /usr/sbin/inetd root 311380 245824 0 09:03:53 - 0:00 sendmail: accepting connec root 319566 245824 0 09:03:56 - 0:00 /usr/sbin/portmap root 327760 245824 0 09:04:02 - 0:00 /usr/sbin/snmpd root 335954 245824 0 09:04:06 - 0:00 /usr/sbin/dpid2 root 344150 245824 0 09:04:09 - 0:00 /usr/sbin/hostmibd oracle 368788 1 0 11:09:35 - 0:00 oracleORCL (LOCAL=NO) root 376946 1 0 09:04:18 - 0:00 /usr/sbin/cron root 385122 245824 0 09:04:12 - 0:00 /usr/sbin/biod 6 oracle 393320 1 0 09:07:03 - 0:00 ora_reco_ORCL daemon 401510 245824 0 09:04:15 - 0:00 /usr/sbin/rpc.statd root 409726 1 0 09:04:28 - 0:00 /usr/bin/itesmdem itesrv.i root 417902 245824 0 09:04:18 - 0:00 /usr/sbin/rpc.lockd root 434288 1 0 09:04:25 - 0:00 /usr/sbin/uprintfd root 442484 245824 0 09:04:25 - 0:00 /usr/sbin/writesrv root 450676 245824 0 09:04:22 - 0:00 /usr/sbin/qdaemon root 458874 245824 0 09:04:31 - 0:00 /usr/sbin/rsct/bin/IBM.Ser oracle 475266 1 0 09:05:35 - 0:00 /usr/dt/bin/ttsession -s oracle 483470 221370 0 09:05:41 pts/4 0:00 /usr/bin/ksh oracle 491646 1 0 09:07:02 - 0:00 ora_pmon_ORCL oracle 499860 1 0 09:07:33 pts/4 0:08 /usr/oracle/ora90/bin/tnsl oracle 524452 1 0 09:07:03 - 0:01 ora_ckpt_ORCL root 532612 1 0 09:04:25 lft0 0:00 /usr/sbin/getty /dev/conso root 540830 245824 0 09:04:32 - 0:00 /usr/sbin/rsct/bin/IBM.ERr imnadm 557194 1 0 09:04:25 - 0:00 /usr/IMNSearch/httpdlite/h root 565388 1 0 09:04:25 - 0:00 /usr/lpp/diagnostics/bin/d oracle 573584 1 0 09:07:03 - 0:01 ora_smon_ORCL oracle 581780 123030 0 09:05:41 - 0:00 /usr/dt/bin/dtexec -open 0 oracle 589978 1 0 09:07:03 - 0:00 ora_lgwr_ORCL oracle 598188 1 0 09:17:14 - 0:00 oracleORCL (LOCAL=NO) oracle 606440 1 0 11:09:28 - 0:00 oracleORCL (LOCAL=NO) oracle 622592 1 0 11:09:49 - 0:00 oracleORCL (LOCAL=NO) oracle 631032 1 0 11:09:34 - 0:00 oracleORCL (LOCAL=NO) oracle 638984 1 0 11:09:47 - 0:00 oracleORCL (LOCAL=NO) oracle 647404 1 0 10:58:31 - 0:01 oracleORCL (LOCAL=NO) oracle 655384 1 0 10:46:10 - 0:00 oracleORCL (LOCAL=NO) oracle 663756 1 0 11:09:38 - 0:00 oracleORCL (LOCAL=NO) oracle 671964 1 0 10:57:32 - 0:00 oracleORCL (LOCAL=NO) oracle 679998 1 0 11:09:32 - 0:00 oracleORCL (LOCAL=NO) oracle 688340 1 0 11:01:09 - 0:00 oracleORCL (LOCAL=NO) oracle 696500 1 0 11:09:32 - 0:00 oracleORCL (LOCAL=NO) oracle 704756 1 0 11:09:32 - 0:00 oracleORCL (LOCAL=NO) oracle 712916 1 0 09:31:17 - 0:00 oracleORCL (LOCAL=NO) oracle 721104 1 0 09:33:58 - 0:00 oracleORCL (LOCAL=NO) root 729308 803034 4 11:09:56 pts/0 0:00 ps -ef oracle 737532 1 0 11:07:43 - 0:00 oracleORCL (LOCAL=NO) oracle 753856 1 0 09:34:03 - 0:00 oracleORCL (LOCAL=NO) oracle 762104 1 1 11:09:53 - 0:00 oracleORCL (LOCAL=NO) oracle 770280 1 0 11:09:46 - 0:00 oracleORCL (LOCAL=NO) oracle 778466 1 0 11:04:42 - 0:00 oracleORCL (LOCAL=NO) oracle 786634 1 0 11:09:50 - 0:00 oracleORCL (LOCAL=NO) oracle 794656 1 0 11:08:10 - 0:00 oracleORCL (LOCAL=NO) root 803034 1056846 0 11:06:38 pts/0 0:00 -ksh oracle 811034 1 0 10:59:20 - 0:00 oracleORCL (LOCAL=NO) oracle 819402 1 0 09:47:03 - 0:00 oracleORCL (LOCAL=NO) oracle 827620 1 0 10:10:40 - 0:00 oracleORCL (LOCAL=NO) oracle 835810 1 0 10:57:30 - 0:00 oracleORCL (LOCAL=NO) oracle 843988 1 0 09:49:16 - 0:00 oracleORCL (LOCAL=NO) oracle 852190 1 0 10:52:22 - 0:00 oracleORCL (LOCAL=NO) oracle 860378 1 0 09:33:55 - 0:00 oracleORCL (LOCAL=NO) oracle 868586 1 0 10:52:21 - 0:00 oracleORCL (LOCAL=NO) oracle 876796 1 0 11:09:29 - 0:00 oracleORCL (LOCAL=NO) oracle 884784 1 0 10:59:22 - 0:00 oracleORCL (LOCAL=NO) oracle 893164 1 0 10:42:26 - 0:00 oracleORCL (LOCAL=NO) oracle 909556 1 0 11:09:49 - 0:00 oracleORCL (LOCAL=NO) oracle 917528 1 1 11:09:53 - 0:00 oracleORCL (LOCAL=NO) oracle 925948 1 0 11:09:47 - 0:00 oracleORCL (LOCAL=NO) oracle 942326 1 0 11:07:47 - 0:00 oracleORCL (LOCAL=NO) oracle 950360 1 0 11:07:35 - 0:00 oracleORCL (LOCAL=NO) oracle 958486 1 0 11:09:39 - 0:00 oracleORCL (LOCAL=NO) oracle 974934 1 0 11:07:23 - 0:00 oracleORCL (LOCAL=NO) oracle 983294 1 0 10:48:40 - 0:00 oracleORCL (LOCAL=NO) oracle 999438 1 0 10:58:51 - 0:00 oracleORCL (LOCAL=NO) oracle 1007638 1 0 10:52:27 - 0:00 oracleORCL (LOCAL=NO) oracle 1015834 1 0 11:08:09 - 0:00 oracleORCL (LOCAL=NO) oracle 1024012 1 0 09:45:28 - 0:00 oracleORCL (LOCAL=NO) oracle 1032230 155720 0 11:08:33 - 0:00 /usr/dt/bin/dtexec -open 0 oracle 1040390 1 0 10:58:52 - 0:00 oracleORCL (LOCAL=NO) root 1056846 303186 0 11:06:38 - 0:00 telnetd -a oracle 1064970 1 0 10:05:40 - 0:00 oracleORCL (LOCAL=NO) oracle 1081404 1 0 11:09:31 - 0:00 oracleORCL (LOCAL=NO) oracle 1089562 1 0 11:09:32 - 0:00 oracleORCL (LOCAL=NO) oracle 1097770 1 1 11:09:53 - 0:00 oracleORCL (LOCAL=NO) oracle 1105962 1 0 11:09:32 - 0:00 oracleORCL (LOCAL=NO) oracle 1114198 1 0 11:07:47 - 0:00 oracleORCL (LOCAL=NO) oracle 1122406 1 0 11:07:00 - 0:00 oracleORCL (LOCAL=NO) oracle 1130564 1 0 10:27:48 - 0:00 oracleORCL (LOCAL=NO) oracle 1138778 1 0 10:57:28 - 0:00 oracleORCL (LOCAL=NO) oracle 1146948 1 0 11:07:26 - 0:00 oracleORCL (LOCAL=NO) oracle 1155106 1032230 0 11:08:33 - 0:00 /usr/dt/bin/dtscreen oracle 1163312 1 0 11:09:39 - 0:00 oracleORCL (LOCAL=NO) oracle 1171526 1 0 11:00:39 - 0:01 oracleORCL (LOCAL=NO) oracle 1179700 1 0 10:53:31 - 0:00 oracleORCL (LOCAL=NO) oracle 1196136 1 0 11:09:32 - 0:00 oracleORCL (LOCAL=NO) oracle 1204300 1 0 10:58:52 - 0:00 oracleORCL (LOCAL=NO) oracle 1212516 1 0 10:54:08 - 0:00 oracleORCL (LOCAL=NO) oracle 1220718 1 0 10:42:22 - 0:00 oracleORCL (LOCAL=NO) oracle 1237084 1 0 10:42:20 - 0:00 oracleORCL (LOCAL=NO) oracle 1245250 1 0 11:09:33 - 0:00 oracleORCL (LOCAL=NO) oracle 1253470 1 0 11:08:09 - 0:00 oracleORCL (LOCAL=NO) oracle 1261658 1 0 11:09:32 - 0:00 oracleORCL (LOCAL=NO) oracle 1269822 1 0 10:28:05 - 0:10 oracleORCL (LOCAL=NO) oracle 1294398 1 0 10:46:13 - 0:00 oracleORCL (LOCAL=NO) oracle 1302590 1 0 10:46:08 - 0:00 oracleORCL (LOCAL=NO) oracle 1310814 1 0 11:09:34 - 0:00 oracleORCL (LOCAL=NO) oracle 1318996 1 0 11:04:45 - 0:00 oracleORCL (LOCAL=NO) oracle 1335400 1 0 11:09:47 - 0:00 oracleORCL (LOCAL=NO) oracle 1343576 1 0 11:09:39 - 0:00 oracleORCL (LOCAL=NO) oracle 1351830 1 0 11:09:31 - 0:00 oracleORCL (LOCAL=NO) oracle 1368176 1 0 11:09:32 - 0:00 oracleORCL (LOCAL=NO)## ps -l F S UID PID PPID C PRI NI ADDR SZ WCHAN TTY TIME CMD 240001 A 0 803034 1056846 1 60 20 20009284 952 pts/0 0:00 ksh 200001 A 0 1114200 803034 1 60 20 2003549a 488 pts/0 0:00 ps#功能：杀死后台进程语法：kill -num PID举例： kill –9 23094 (-9 是软件终止进程的信号，是不可忽略的)功能：在一个或多个目录中查找符合指定条件的文件，显示文件名或对这些文件进行特定的操作语法：find path expression参数说明： -typef文件 d目录 -size+n文件大小超过n blocks(1block=512 bytes) -n文件大小小于n blocks n文件大小等于n blocks -mtime+xX天以前被修改的文件 -xX天以内被修改的文件 -permonum访问指定权限的文件（权限以8进制表示） mode访问指定权限的文件（权限以字母表示，如rwx） -userUser属于用户user的文件 -o逻辑‘或’ 举例：find . –name ‘unix’ –print 在当前目录及其子目录中查找文件名为“m*”的所有文件（‘*’是通配符）并显示文件名。# find . -name "unix" -print./usr/lib/boot/unix./usr/oracle/ora90/inventory/filemap/md/demo/unix./usr/oracle/ora90/inventory/filemap/ultrasearch/tools/remotecrawler/scripts/unix./usr/oracle/ora90/md/demo/unix./usr/oracle/ora90/ultrasearch/tools/remotecrawler/scripts/unix./upload/Disk2/stage/Components/oracle.sysman.website.nls/9.2.0.1.0/1/DataFiles/Expanded/websitehtm/unix./unix#find . –name ‘m*’ –exec ls –l {} \;在当前目录及其子目录中查找文件名为“m*”的所有文件（‘*’是通配符）并显示详细的文件列表信息。-exec 使得find以非交互的方式执行-exec后的命令。‘{}’用于保留find的查找结果，并将其作为ls –l 的输入。find . –name ‘m*’ –ok  rm {} \;在当前目录及其子目录中查找文件名为“m*”的所有文件（‘*’是通配符）删除之。-ok 使得find以交互的方式执行-ok后的命令。find . -perm 644 -mtime +4 –print在当前目录及其子目录中查找权限为644、4天以前被修改过的文件。功能：在文件或标准输入中搜索与指定格式相匹配的行语法：grep [options] pattern [file1 file 2..] 参数说明：-v：显示与指定格式不匹配的行 -c：统计满足条件的行数 -l：只显示满足匹配条件的文件名-n：显示满足条件的行所在的行号-I：查找时忽略大小写-w：做全单词匹配举例：grep a websm.log 搜索.profile文件中与mail匹配的行并显示。# grep a websm.logcom.ibm.websm.preferences.WXPreferenceException: Unable to load preferences from /WebSM.pref.Default settings will be used. This preference file will be updatedif the Check Button in the Exit Confirmation Dialog is checked. at com.ibm.websm.preferences.WSPreferenceImpl.loadData(WSPreferenceImpl.java:185) at com.ibm.websm.preferences.WCPreferences.LoadData(WCPreferences.java:194) at com.ibm.websm.preferences.WCPreferences.(WCPreferences.java:111) at com.ibm.websm.console.WConsole.getPreferences(WConsole.java:592) at com.ibm.websm.console.WConsole.getPrefData(WConsole.java:559) at com.ibm.websm.console.WConsole.(WConsole.java:119) at com.ibm.websm.console.WConsole.main(WConsole.java:1294) com.ibm.websm.bridge.directory.WDirectoryException: Caught EOFException whilereading the stream header at com.ibm.websm.bridge.directory.WDirectory.get(WDirectory.java:128) at com.ibm.websm.preferences.WSPreferenceImpl.loadData(WSPreferenceImpl.java:178) at com.ibm.websm.preferences.WCPreferences.LoadData(WCPreferences.java:194) at com.ibm.websm.preferences.WCPreferences.(WCPreferences.java:111) at com.ibm.websm.console.WConsole.getPreferences(WConsole.java:592) at com.ibm.websm.console.WConsole.getPrefData(WConsole.java:559) at com.ibm.websm.console.WConsole.(WConsole.java:119) at com.ibm.websm.console.WConsole.main(WConsole.java:1294)#grep –v mail .profile 显示与mail不匹配的行。grep “^a[0-9]z$” filename在filename中查找以’a’开头、以’z’结尾、中间包含数字’0’-‘9’的串。