ASP.NET ViewState 初探 (2) 转自msdn

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  asp.net请看下面的示例:要在 Web 页上显示一个项目列表,而每个用户需要不同的列表排序。项目列表是静态的,因此可以将这些页面绑定到相同的缓存数据集,而排序顺序只是用户特定的 UI 状态的一小部分。ViewState 非常适合于存储这种类型的值。代码如下:

[Visual Basic]
<% Import Namespace="System.Data" %>
<HTML>
    <HEAD>
        <title>用于页面 UI 状态值的 ViewState/title>
    </HEAD>
    <body>
        <form runat="server">
            <H3>
                在 ViewState 中存储非控件状态
            </H3>
            <P>
                此示例将一列静态数据的当前排序顺序存储在 ViewState 中。

                单击列标题中的链接,可按该字段排序数据。

                再次单击该链接,将按相反顺序排序。
                



                <asp:datagrid id="DataGrid1" runat="server"
OnSortCommand="SortGrid" Border BorderWidth="1px"
BorderColor="#CCCCCC" BackColor="White" CellPadding="5" AllowSorting="True">
                    <HeaderStyle Font-Bold="True" ForeColor="White"
BackColor="#006699">
                    </HeaderStyle>
                </asp:datagrid>
            </P>
        </form>
    </body>
</HTML>
<script runat="server">

    ' 在 ViewState 中跟踪 SortField 属性
    Property SortField() As String

        Get
            Dim o As Object = ViewState("SortField")
            If o Is Nothing Then
                Return String.Empty
            End If
            Return CStr(o)
        End Get

        Set(Value As String)
            If Value = SortField Then
                ' 与当前排序文件相同,切换排序方向
                SortAscending = Not SortAscending
            End If
            ViewState("SortField") = Value
        End Set

    End Property

    ' 在 ViewState 中跟踪 SortAscending 属性
    Property SortAscending() As Boolean

        Get
            Dim o As Object = ViewState("SortAscending")
            If o Is Nothing Then
                Return True
            End If
            Return CBool(o)
        End Get

        Set(Value As Boolean)
            ViewState("SortAscending") = Value
        End Set

    End Property

    Private Sub Page_Load(sender As Object, e As EventArgs) Handles MyBase.Load

        If Not Page.IsPostBack Then
            BindGrid()
        End If

    End Sub

    Sub BindGrid()

        ' 获取数据
        Dim ds As New DataSet()
        ds.ReadXml(Server.MapPath("TestData.xml"))
        
        Dim dv As New DataView(ds.Tables(0))

        ' 应用排序过滤器和方向
        dv.Sort = SortField
        If Not SortAscending Then
            dv.Sort += " DESC"
        End If

        ' 绑定网格
        DataGrid1.DataSource = dv
        DataGrid1.DataBind()

    End Sub
    
    Private Sub SortGrid(sender As Object, e As DataGridSortCommandEventArgs)
        DataGrid1.CurrentPageIndex = 0
        SortField = e.SortExpression
        BindGrid()
    End Sub
    
</script>

[C#]
<% Page Language="C#" %>
<% Import Namespace="System.Data" %>
<HTML>
    <HEAD>
        <title>用于页面 UI 状态值的 ViewState</title>
    </HEAD>
    <body>
        <form runat="server">
            <H3>
                在 ViewState 中存储非控件状态
            </H3>
            <P>
                此示例将一列静态数据的当前排序顺序存储在 ViewState 中。

                单击列标题中的链接,可按该字段排序数据。

                再次单击该链接,将按相反顺序排序。
                



                <asp:datagrid id="DataGrid1" runat="server" OnSortCommand="SortGrid"
                Border BorderWidth="1px" BorderColor="#CCCCCC"
                BackColor="White" CellPadding="5" AllowSorting="True">
                    <HeaderStyle Font-Bold="True" ForeColor="White" BackColor="#006699">
                    </HeaderStyle>
                </asp:datagrid>
            </P>
        </form>
    </body>
</HTML>
<script runat="server">

    // 在 ViewState 中跟踪 SortField 属性
    string SortField {

        get {
            object o = ViewState["SortField"];
            if (o == null) {
                return String.Empty;
            }
            return (string)o;
        }

        set {
            if (value == SortField) {
                // 与当前排序文件相同,切换排序方向
                SortAscending = !SortAscending;
            }
            ViewState["SortField"] = value;
        }
    }

    // 在 ViewState 中跟踪 SortAscending 属性
    bool SortAscending {

        get {
            object o = ViewState["SortAscending"];
            if (o == null) {
                return true;
            }
            return (bool)o;
        }

        set {
            ViewState["SortAscending"] = value;
        }
    }

    void Page_Load(object sender, EventArgs e) {

        if (!Page.IsPostBack) {
            BindGrid();
        }
    }

    void BindGrid() {

        // 获取数据
        DataSet ds = new DataSet();
        ds.ReadXml(Server.MapPath("TestData.xml"));
        
        DataView dv = new DataView(ds.Tables[0]);

        // 应用排序过滤器和方向
        dv.Sort = SortField;
        if (!SortAscending) {
            dv.Sort += " DESC";
        }

        // 绑定网格
        DataGrid1.DataSource = dv;
        DataGrid1.DataBind();
   }

   void SortGrid(object sender, DataGridSortCommandEventArgs e) {

        DataGrid1.CurrentPageIndex = 0;
        SortField = e.SortExpression;
        BindGrid();
    }

</script>

下面是上述两个代码段中引用的 testdata.xml 的代码:

<?xml version="1.0" standalone="yes"?>
<NewDataSet>
  <Table>
    <pub_id>0736</pub_id>
    <pub_name>New Moon Books</pub_name>
    <city>Boston</city>
    <state>MA</state>
    <country>USA</country>
  </Table>
  <Table>
    <pub_id>0877</pub_id>
    <pub_name>Binnet & Hardley</pub_name>
    <city>Washington</city>
    <state>DC</state>
    <country>USA</country>
  </Table>
  <Table>
    <pub_id>1389</pub_id>
    <pub_name>Algodata Infosystems</pub_name>
    <city>Berkeley</city>
    <state>CA</state>
    <country>USA</country>
  </Table>
  <Table>
    <pub_id>1622</pub_id>
    <pub_name>Five Lakes Publishing</pub_name>
    <city>Chicago</city>
    <state>IL</state>
    <country>USA</country>
  </Table>
  <Table>
    <pub_id>1756</pub_id>
    <pub_name>Ramona Publishers</pub_name>
    <city>Dallas</city>
    <state>TX</state>
    <country>USA</country>
  </Table>
  <Table>
    <pub_id>9901</pub_id>
    <pub_name>GGG&G</pub_name>
    <city>Muenchen</city>
    <country>Germany</country>
  </Table>
  <Table>
    <pub_id>9952</pub_id>
    <pub_name>Scootney Books</pub_name>
    <city>New York</city>
    <state>NY</state>
    <country>USA</country>
  </Table>
  <Table>
    <pub_id>9999</pub_id>
    <pub_name>Lucerne Publishing</pub_name>
    <city>Paris</city>
    <country>France</country>
  </Table>
</NewDataSet>

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